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Earlids and Brainlids: On Thoughts and Sounds.

“’Can one think without speaking?’ – And what is thinking? Well, don’t you ever think? Can’t you observe yourself and see what is going on? It should be simple. You don’t have to wait for it as for an astronomical event and then perhaps make your observations in a hurry.”

Ludwig Wittgenstein Philosophical Investigations

“Well these are the simple facts of the case – There were at least two parasites one sexual the other cerebral working the way that parasites will – And why has no one asked ‘What is the Word?’ – Why do you talk to yourself all the time?” William S. Burroughs The Naked Lunch

A pale light eases its way through the white curtains, a brittle mixture of the nearby street lamp and the slowly brightening sky. I run my palm across the friction of four days of stubble and the image of a match being struck surfaces then disappears like an ornamental fish. I hook my arm under the bed to retrieve the red bike lamp that is always there. Resting it unlit on my chest I grope for the travel alarm clock I bought in Berlin. Its luminous dial points to 4 o’clock.

Replacing the clock on the wooden floorboards, I switch on the lamp. The alarm clock now seems to have taken on a more strident tone, as if it, too, has been woken from a more dormant state. In the red glow of the bike lamp, the ticking mechanism seems irregular, shifting from faster to slower as I move my head on the pillow. Intrigued, I attempt to manipulate this effect only to discover that with intensified concentration the clock lapses into a stable tempo and then falls back into a more subdued participation in my bedroom’s atmosphere.

In its place come other the sounds. My wife’s breathing struggles through the cold that she’s not been able to shake; the inhalation the texture of pipes and drains, the exhalation like air from a balloon neck. A softer echo emerges from my young daughter’s sleeping body, less troubled and more steadily rhythmic. From my son – sprawled nearest to me on top of the duvet, arm flung across his sister – hardly a sound escapes. No more than the rustles that accompany his shifts and turns and the occasional glutinous thumb-sucking that no promise of toys or adventures is incentive enough for him to relinquish.

Out in the street beyond the curtains, seagulls mark their temporary territory. The flying gulls offer their characteristic cry, rising and receding as they move between the terraced houses. Once settled on a rooftop another call, this time an insistent “Ugg, ugg, ugg!” signals their presence.

Rubbing the beginnings of my beard again for comfort – without, this time, eliciting the image of a match - I switch the bike lamp off and place it on top of the small pile of autobiographies I keep on my side of the bed – guilty primers for a lived life.

A gentle rain has begun to fall, rustling through the early Summer leaves of the tree outside our window and tapping on the car roofs below. Another, smaller, but unidentifiable bird can be heard, a brighter refrain. Perhaps a starling? A blackbird? The bird song almost, but not quite, repeated, melodic variation withheld and then unexpectedly given. The window frames rattle percussively in response to the growing breeze.

Behind the sleeping family and the gulls and the birds and the gentle rain, traffic noise is now discernible. Not yet in the focused form of a vehicle in our street but still there as an ambient backdrop of tires on wet tarmac and ill-defined engine murmur.

I am conscious now of my own breath, a sharp release through my nostrils. Conscious too, suddenly, of the sounds of my body’s movement in the bed, of legs drawn up then extended against the sheets, of my hair brushing against the pillow and my nails scratching the skin of my upper arms, of the cartilage in my finger joints as I snap them through a nervous routine. Listening below those surface sounds, a persistent hum emerges at the threshold of audibility; it seems to come from somewhere inside. Maybe it is nothing more than the fridge downstairs or maybe it’s an acoustic illusion born of excessive attentiveness combined with that special fatigue that is the privilege of those who should be asleep. Whatever its source, I try to grasp it and discern more of its shape and colour.

Before I can capture the elusive drone, I become aware of another noise - this time one that is unambiguously internal – the noise of my thoughts. This is not just the sound of nouns and verbs shadowing in distinct then indistinct ways what might have been spoken aloud; that is what happens when we are thinking as Wittgenstein might have said.

My thoughts now, with the bike lamp back on and my wife’s snoring much gentler. My thoughts, as I write then pause, write, then pause, my thoughts also consist of fuzzy renditions of associated ideas. Forms of what has once been heard but as might emerge from a turntable whose stylus has accumulated a little coat of fluff. The start of the match scrape; the wet ripple above the fish and a child’s voice to the left; the thump of a snowball against my taxi in Berlin; the rush of water beneath a manhole cover and reverberation through a guttering pipe.

My brain too active to let me lie any longer, I switch off the bike lamp and return it to the floor. I swing my legs out from under the duvet and rise unsteadily to my feet, one hand holds the pencil and paper, the other probes the beginning of a spot at the corner of my mouth. I creep out of the bedroom like the worst actor portraying the worst burglar.

+++

As Marshall McLuhan once observed, there are no earlids. For the vast majority of human beings, there is no escaping the external sound world, even when asleep. Yet although complete escape is not an option, retreat remains a possibility, a possibility that seems everywhere to be readily grasped. The enduring derogation of sound in stubbornly visual cultures can be traced across a number of indices, too many to be captured in this short post. As one brief measure of sound’s marginalisation, it is worth conducting a concentrated listening experiment like the one described above, if only to compare your discoveries to the soundscapes conventionally represented in film and to hear what was once rich, dynamic and engaging rendered banal.

Another dimension that emerges from such experiments is the extent to which a significant proportion of the soundworld we inhabit cannot be located externally. Sound-proofed windows and walls, ear-plugs and active noise reduction systems can muffle the sounds from ‘outside’; cranked-up headphones or stereos speakers may replace certain exterior sounds with others that have the values of having been chosen and being predictable. None of these systems, however, can drown out the sounds from within. The sounds of metaphor and association played through that dirty turntable I mentioned – the match scrape, the fish plop, the Berlin snowball, the gurgling pipes. That inner voice articulated by Wittgenstein and Burroughs in the block quotes at the start of this post is also, I believe, a consistent contributor to our personal soundtrack. And finally, in this clamour, there are those mysterious hums and whines of obscure origin that emerge, paradoxically, both in moments, of relaxation and of enervation.

Just as there are no earlids, nor are there brainlids.

Nada Brahma: all the world is sound.

Angus Carlyle

you can listen to the soundscape for this essay here: no ear lids sound file mp3

 

8 comments

This looks like an interesting project in relation to your blog, Angus. I’m sure you know about it…?

“Recycled Soundscape is designed as a system through which to explore and engage with auditory aspects of experience in the city, and to provide the possibliity of relief, through sound and relational design, from the prevailing and often stressful urban flow.

The result is an interactive system for the public orchestration of an urban sound ecology. It consists of a set of kinetic, human-scale interfaces which seek to create diversions and concentrations of attention within the sonic context of a location, by facilitating reflective activity in the public sphere, in the course of which an acoustic landscape may be augmented, modified, and performed. It offers the possibility to listen to and to record noises - human, natural, machine - which are otherwise difficult to take notice of, and which nonetheless contribute to the characteristic of a place over time, composing its evolving memory in sound.”

/Katy 10/07/2005

 

I’ve been doing Yoga and my teacher asks us to ‘look within and listen to the sounds of your body.’ It’s really hard, so she tells us to start by listening for your heartbeat. Then, after a few weeks you start to hear the bodie’s other sounds. After chanting (ok, so I’m losing you…but stay with this) she tells us to listen to the echo inside. Again, at first you can’t hear it but after a few weeks you can. Angus is right to say that the external world of sound is what we are primed to listen to, but our internal sounds can come to the fore given concentration. But how do we record these fleeting, almost inaudible sounds?

/Jack Redding 10/07/2005

 

Strangely, reading this coincides with a nocturnal listening experience of my own last night. I was woken by tiny sounds - the minute clicking of our cat’s claws on the wooden floor - and as I lay awake, I remembered a kind of paranoid, hypersensitive listening from childhood, though which I would hear very small sounds - either internal or external - and develop these into a feeling of terror, going deeper and deeper into the sounds until they materialised in my imagination into physical presences in the room. To me, this relates closey to EA Poe stories such as The Tell Tale Heart and Fall of the House of Usher. I read these as a child, but I think the fearful listening preceded them. The nocturnal mix of heightened external sounds heard in extreme quiet and a site of physical restraint, microscopic listening, and those internal sounds which may be neural processing and other body functions with audio components is a unique moment in audition. The question is, does Nada Brahma take us forward or back in understanding this phenomenon?

/David Toop 12/07/2005

 

“I hear a whisper in my ghost”
Major Kusanagi in Masamune Shirow’s manga series Ghost in the Shell

This single line manages to convey a whole set of propositions that surround the complex issue of thought emerging from matter/bodies/perceptions. Masamune Shirow’s Ghost in the Shell links to Gilbert Ryle’s work in The Concept of Mind, a critique of cognitivist approaches to human consciousness and Cartesian dualism. Ryle’s regress, criticises behavourism on the basis that, if every action in the world is preceded by a cognitive action (which amounts to language based thought), the action of thought itself would have to be preceded by a logic based scheme and so forth opening up an infinite series of cognitive acts. To paraphrase, there must be something beyond the logic of language that escapes our notions of logic and thought and i believe it is most vividly expressedas the background hum of a (body in the world) system - a whisper in the ghost.

Sensory deprivation experiments with flotation tanks have demonstrated quite clearly that if the world of perceptions (whether conscious or unconscious) is entirely suppressed for an extended period of time, thereby removing the horizon of thought, hallucinations and subsequently madness are the result.These findings suggest that human consciousness and language are embedded
in and depending on a constant stream of stimuli. This leads to the question how this pre-logic stream or background hum can be captured and framed in language and i think that the above experiment delivers a very valid step in that direction, because it describes the solidification of patterns from the hum that are then slowly coming into focus and are consciously reevaluated. It is precisely in the transitional waking up phase that such experiences are made. Lyotard writes in his essay Thought Without a Body:
“As Husserl has shown, thought becomes aware of a ‘horizon’, aims at a ‘noema’, a kind of object, a sort of non-conceptual monogram that provides it with intuitive configurations and opens up ‘in front of it’ a field of orientation and expectation, a ‘frame (Minsky). And in such a framework, perhaps more like a scheme, it moves towards what it looks for by ‘choosing’. that is by discarding and recombining the data it needs, but none the less without making use of preestablished criteria determining in advance what’s appropriate to chose.”
(Lyotard, 1991,The Inhuman)

Lyotard clarifies that in this sense human thought, in comparison to binary machine logic proceeds analogically rather than logically. Patterns establish themselves from within a body-system that is bathed in perceptions through a process of likening. It is this principle that has led the creators of artificial intelligence back to considering the importance of the hardware for conscious thought.If this thought is taken further, “real ‘analogy’ requires a thinking or representing machine to be in its data just as the eye is in the visual field or writing is in language”(ibid.) and one has to add hearing is in the auditory field. In this sense language and the hum of the system are tied up with each other and in the waking up process, one might hear a whisper in the ghost, which is not intelligible or logically structured but belonging to the world in an analog sense.

/Axel Stockburger 12/07/2005

 

“None of these systems, however, can drown out the sounds from within.”

What about sounds that are either so loud or so distracting that you can’t ‘hear yourself think’? When music or a working environment is really loud, I think it comes pretty close to drowning out the inner voice. Alarm design in critical environments like cockpits and nuclear power plants needs to find a balance between conveying urgent information, often about simultaneously developing problems, and allowing the operator(s) to think clearly enough to be able to do something other than strive to stop the damn noise. In such situations, does the inner voice shout?

And maybe certain “systems” like music or television can displace, rather than drown out the inner voice. I recently came across this description of the arrival of television amongst indigenous inhabitants of Alaska:
“It was January 1980 when members of the Gwich’in tribe stood in the snow and waited for a plane from Fairbanks to drop off the thing everyone was so curious to see…. ‘I couldn’t sleep I was so excited by that TV,’ said Albert Gilbert…who, at 25, got his first taste of late-night comedy. [It was as though] the future had dropped out of the sky. ‘I wanted to watch it and watch it and watch it,’ he said. ‘I woke up at 6 am. to watch it more. I did this for two weeks. When I went out in the country to hunt, all I could hear was the TV in my head.’”

Do the metaphors of “inner voice” or “interior monologue” themselves force us to conceive of thoughts as sounds when otherwise we might not? Is thinking of thoughts as sounds a bit like moving your lips when reading? I recently went on a sound walk with Hildegard Westerkamp, and one of the things she said before starting was that we shouldn’t try to stifle or ignore the voice(s) within us. As a result, I thought of my thoughts throughout the walk as a kind of voice, but I wonder if they would have seemed more ‘abstract’ without this prior suggestion – maybe then they would have been less in competition with the sounds outside my head.

/John Wynne 13/07/2005

 

there is John Cage’s experience of seeking total silence in laboratory conditions. The sensory deprivation didn’t give him hallucinations in the same way as simply staring at a blank wall will, but he couldn’t get rid of a persistant background hum, which he put down to an an equipment hum, but turned out to be the electric hum of his nervous system.
Tinitus (permenant ringing in the ears) is now treated by hearing therapists who change the nature of the sound. It is so grating because it is threatening-’what is it? do I have a problem in my brain?’- and once it is explained the sound can be filtered out in the same way as the hum of a fridge is totally ignored unless you are listening for it.
The other bell this article rings is Epiphenomenonalism, a peak of Empirisism, where the whole of the conscious mind is viewed as noise thrown out by the bio-chemistry of the brain and the rest of the body, you lift your arm because your body wants it lifted and hey-presto the noise in your head tells you that you are responsible. The word ‘noise’ has a different function than sound here, static would do as well. a leading metaphor like inner voice in the previous reply.

/wbs 13/07/2005

 

Epiphenomenalism is not a peak of empirisism but of determinism-juliam baggini defines the idea “as the hum of the machine does not move the machine” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphenomenalism

/wbs 14/07/2005

 

If I shut my eyelids and try to recall an image of something well known to me, I can readily apprehend it. But on digging further for visual detail, I find that although vivid, the illusion is without visual character; definite but chimeric. It’s a bit like trying to remember a dream - the detail seems to stay beyond perception.
So what about no earlids - does this happen with aural phenomena too? If I put my thumbs in my ears and try to recall the sound of a mountain stream, and then the compressor whine of a passing 747, both of which are strong aural memories for me, I find a different but comparable elision.
I like the idea that the perpetual ambience of sound vibrations stirs the brain to think but I wonder whether it’s the sensual ambience generally that does it; I agree that concentrated listening reveals complexes of sounds that were not at first apparent, but I think that concentrated looking can have a similar effect, and so can the sense formally known as touch - as in that relaxing technique where you consciously relax each muscle in turn from your fingertips inwards. It’s oceanic. We live in a continuous deluge of sound vibrations and in a continuous storm of photon collisions, and a continuous bath of touch sensations - and incidentally, the older you get, the more information your body secretes.
My question is whether perceptions are incoming or broadcast. How would you describe the kind of movement the thinking brain has that makes it engage with these oceans?

/paul Shepheard 14/07/2005

 

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